Amebiasis is an infection with the parasite entamoeba histolytics. It initially involves the intestine following the consumption of contaminated food or water. Most often the infected person experiences no symptoms and the infection clears within 8 to 12 months. While dwelling in the intestine of the host, the amoeba multiplies, living off of bacteria, food residues, blood cells, and other tissue.
Serious complications include the formation of a liver abscess that can then rupture into the abdominal cavity, the lungs, or the tissue surrounding the heart. In rare cases, infection may spread via the blood stream to the lungs or brain. Amebiasis usually responds quickly and completely to therapy. Relapse and fatality are unlikely with proper treatment. At higher risk are those who are malnourished; under 2 years of age; receiving corticosteroid therapy; pregnant; or who have compromised immune system.
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
Symptoms include diarrhea, possibly containing blood or mucus; severe abdominal cramping and tenderness; excessive gas; loss of weight; high fever; nausea and vomiting (with liver abscess).
TREATMENT
Replacement of fluids, electrolytes (mineral salts) and blood may be needed. several drugs, including diloxanide furoate, tinidazole, iodoquinol, and metronidazole are used to eliminate the amoeba. A liver abscess is treated with needle aspiration (removal of pus with a syringe) or may require surgical drainage.
Call a doctor for persistent or recurrent diarrhea.