Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is an uncommon type of inflammatory arthritis that mainly affects the joints of the spinal column. Typically, AS originates in the joints, where the vertebrae of the spinal column meet the pelvis. The disease tends to progress from the lower back up to the vertebrae in the neck. Cartilage and other tissue between the spinal joints gradually deteriorate and are replaced by hard, fibrous tissue.
CAUSES
The cause of AS is unknown, though hereditary factors appear to play a role. There is also evidence suggesting that a link between intestinal bacteria or inflammation and the autoimmune activity (in which the body;s defense against disease attack healthy tissue) involved inthe mechanism of joint deterioration. There is known way to prevent AS.
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
- Lower back pain that may be intermittent or persistent. Pain may be worse at night.
- Morning stiffness in the back or hips that improves with activity.
- Limited chest capacity due to pain and stiffness in the ribs.
- Neck or chest pain.
- Eye pain, blurred vision, watery eyes, and aversion to light (due to associated uveitis).
- Pain in the joints.
TREATMENT
There is no specific way to treat AS; therapy is aimed at slowing or relieving symptoms. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), especially indomathacin, are commonly prescribed to ease pain and inflammation. Newer medications (anti-TNF therapy) are being used to suppress the inflammation. Braces and supports are not helpful and are not advised. Occassionally, direct injections of coricosteroids may be beneficial in patients nonresponsive to NSAIDs.
Severe arthritis in the hips may warrant total hip replacement surgery (arthroplasty).
If uveitis occurs, it can be treated with corticosteroids and medicated eyedrops.